Tasmania (abbreviated Tas and colloquially known as "Tassie") is an island state of the Commonwealth of Australia. It is located 240 km (150 miles) south of the mainland of Australia, separated by the Bass Strait. The state encompasses the main island of Tasmania, the 26th largest island in the world, and the 334 surrounding islands. The state has a population of about 519,100 (as of June 2016), a little over forty percent of which resides in the greater Hobart district, which forms the metropolitan area of the state capital And the largest city, Hobart.
The area of Tasmania has 68,401 km2 (26,410 square miles), of which the main island covers 64,519 km2 (24,911 square miles). Tasmania is promoted as a natural state; Almost 45% of Tasmania lies in reserves, national parks, and World Heritage sites and the state was the founding place of the first environmental party in the world. Although an island state, due to a cartographic error the state shares a terrestrial border with Victoria at its northernmost point, border islet, a nature reserve in low low. The Bishop and Clerk Islands, some 37 km south of Macquarie Island, are the southernmost point in the state of Tasmania and the most internationally recognized land in Australia.
It is believed that the island has been occupied by the Aborigines for 40,000 years before British colonization. It is believed that the Aborigines of Tasmania were separated from the Aboriginal groups of the continent about 10,000 years ago when the sea rose to form the Straits of Bass. The aboriginal population was estimated at between 3,000 and 7,000 at the time of colonization, but was almost destroyed in 30 years by a combination of violent guerrilla conflicts with the colonists known as the "black war", intertribal conflict, and the late 1820 , The spread of infectious diseases to which they had no immunity. The conflict, which culminated between 1825 and 1831 and led to more than three years of martial law, cost the lives of nearly 1100 aboriginals and settlers. The near-destruction of the Aboriginal population of Tasmania has been described by some historians as an act of genocide by the British.
The state was created in 1803 as a criminal settlement of the British Empire to avoid claims to land by the First French Empire during the Napoleonic Wars; About 75,000 convicts were sent to Van Diemen's Land before transport ceased in 1853. The island was initially part of the Colony of New South Wales, but became a separate and autonomous colony under the name Of Van Diemen's Land (named after Anthony van Diemen) in 1825. In 1854 the present Constitution of Tasmania was approved and the following year the state received permission to change its name to Tasmania. In 1901 it became a state through the process of the Federation of Australia.
The area of Tasmania has 68,401 km2 (26,410 square miles), of which the main island covers 64,519 km2 (24,911 square miles). Tasmania is promoted as a natural state; Almost 45% of Tasmania lies in reserves, national parks, and World Heritage sites and the state was the founding place of the first environmental party in the world. Although an island state, due to a cartographic error the state shares a terrestrial border with Victoria at its northernmost point, border islet, a nature reserve in low low. The Bishop and Clerk Islands, some 37 km south of Macquarie Island, are the southernmost point in the state of Tasmania and the most internationally recognized land in Australia.
It is believed that the island has been occupied by the Aborigines for 40,000 years before British colonization. It is believed that the Aborigines of Tasmania were separated from the Aboriginal groups of the continent about 10,000 years ago when the sea rose to form the Straits of Bass. The aboriginal population was estimated at between 3,000 and 7,000 at the time of colonization, but was almost destroyed in 30 years by a combination of violent guerrilla conflicts with the colonists known as the "black war", intertribal conflict, and the late 1820 , The spread of infectious diseases to which they had no immunity. The conflict, which culminated between 1825 and 1831 and led to more than three years of martial law, cost the lives of nearly 1100 aboriginals and settlers. The near-destruction of the Aboriginal population of Tasmania has been described by some historians as an act of genocide by the British.
The state was created in 1803 as a criminal settlement of the British Empire to avoid claims to land by the First French Empire during the Napoleonic Wars; About 75,000 convicts were sent to Van Diemen's Land before transport ceased in 1853. The island was initially part of the Colony of New South Wales, but became a separate and autonomous colony under the name Of Van Diemen's Land (named after Anthony van Diemen) in 1825. In 1854 the present Constitution of Tasmania was approved and the following year the state received permission to change its name to Tasmania. In 1901 it became a state through the process of the Federation of Australia.
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